Pressurized container valve structure



G. E. CARLSON ETAL PRESSURIZED CONTAINER VALVE STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-SheetFIE'E INVENTOR. leones E. 'ARLsa/v /Ver/MA/ E 011/5 el rroRA/Ey May 8,1956 Filed June 16, 1951 May 8, 195e G. E. CARLSON ETAL 2,744,665

PRESSURIZED CONTAINER VALVE STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-Shea*L 2 FLZ'E' E' FiledJune 16, 1951 FIE' 5' F12-EI 7 8 W l s a W M/ 9 2 0 H //0 l@ Z 7M .uw .fm m a wz 4// s a n? 2 H W 9 N N n Rwmmm muys r NWT M630 A 1ERE EHN.

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wip fiumi@ United4 States Patent O rREssURIzED coNrAlNERvALvE STRUCTUREGeorge E. Carlson, St. Louis Park, and John Parker Bader Aand NathanB.,0wen, Minneapolis, Minn., assignors to' Viking Valve Company, St.Louis Park, Minn., a corporation of'Minnesota Application June 16, 1951,Serial No.'232,0108

z claims. (Cl. 222-394) now Patent Number 2,686,652, dated August 17,1954.

In the accompanying drawings formingy a partv of `this specification,Fig. 1 is a vertical central sectional view, partially in elevation andpartially broken away, of a valve apparatus madel according to theinvention; A Fig. 2 is a fragmentary topplan view of the disclosure ofFig. l; f -v Fig. 3 is a vertical central sectional view, partially inelevation and partially broken away, of a valve apparatus ofmodiedconstruction incorporating features and characteristics of theinvention; y A

Fig. 4 is-a view corresponding generally with the di'sclosure of Fig. 3butshowing parts in different positions; Fig. l5 is a vertical centralsectional view, partially in elevation and partially broken away, of avalve apparatus of further modified construction made according to theinvention;

Fig. 6V is a view corresponding generally with the disclosure of Fig. 5but showing parts in different positions;

and v i Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the valve apparatus ofFigs.5and6. lq. l With respect to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings and thenumerals of reference thereon, a can 10 there shown may be of ordinaryor preferred construction. As disclosed, said can is constituted as ahollow member boundedat itsV sides by a cylindrical wall 11 which mergesatitsfupper endl invan annular wall12-disposed in perpendicular reflationto-the cylindrical wall 11. The interior margin,- ofthe annularwall 12 is-integral witha circular wall 13 extending downwardly in thecan 10ir`1 concentric relation to its cylindrical wall 11. 4A lowerVportion ofsaid ICC spaced, parallel relation to the annular surface 14.The lower end of the cylindrical upper portion 19 merges in aninteriorly extending annular shoulder 21 in perpen-V dicularlrelation tosaid cylindrical upper portion and seatedagainstan annular ange 22extending inwardly of or from thevlower end of the circular wall 13. Inthe disclosure as made, the annular ange 22 is provided by crimping thelower end of said circular wall `13 inwardly after the cylindrical upperportion 19 of the shell- 18 has been situated in contiguous relationwith the internal cylindrical surface 16.l The annular surface 14 andthe annular `shoulder 21 are in parallel relation and in alined relationlongitudinally of the can. The interior marginal portion of the annularshoulder 21 integrally supports a cylindrical'lower part 23 of the cupshape member or v shell 18 which is below and concentric with thecylindrical upper portion 19. The lower end of the cylindrical lowerpart 23 is integral with a base 24 of the cup shape member or shell 18,and a tube 25, for delivering fluid under pressure to a lower portionofthe interior of said cup shape member or shell, communicates with alower portion of the interior of the cup shape member or shell by way ofan opening 26 through the base 24. More explicitly stated, a pipe flange27 integral with the base 24 is fitted stem 29 ydisposed in spaced,concentric relation to the circular wall 13 of the can 10. j, Avalve-seat-providing and sealing-otf-member of said apparatus isconstituted as a hollow body 30 in spaced,`

surrounding relation to the valve stern 29 and an annular diaphragm 31integral with said hollow body and in surrounding relation to said valvestem.

The hollow body 30 includes an annular ange portion 32 at an upperportion thereof, adjacent the-annular diaphragm 31 and disposed inperpendicular relation to said hollow body, viixedly seated between theannular surface 14 and .the upper end 20 of the shell 18, with theperiphery 33 of said annular flange portion engaged against an upperpart of the internal cylindrical surface 16.l An external cylindricalsurface 34 of the hollow body 30, at the side of the annular ange 32opposite the annular surface 14, is snugly engaged against the internalsurface of the cylinf drical upper portion 19 of the cup-shape member orshell circular wall 13 is cutaway to provide a dc'nwnwardlyAfacing.interiorly `disposed,annular surface 14 contiguous,atits'interio'r margin with the lower end of a relatively small internalycylindrical surface 15 bounding an lupper. portion ,of thecircularwall13 and aty its exteriormargin with the upper end of a comparativelyvlarge internaly cylindrical surface v16 bounding a lower portion ofAsaid circular wall. The annular surface 14 is in perpendicular relationto` the'cylindrical wall 11. VThe lower end of ther yhollow member orcan'10 is covered by an upwardly.

bowed closure wall 17 of circular outlinelttedpupon and attached to thelower end of the cylindrical wallnll. g

, Ashell 18.0f the valve apparatus is constituted asa cupV shapey memberincluding a cylindrical A.upper portion 19 having its' external surfaceengaged against 'the "internal surface 16 of the circular wall v413 andits upper end 20 iny 18,',with a lower, outer circular portion 35 ofsaid hollow body seated against the annular shoulder 21, and an an-vnular passageway 3,6 within the hollow body is contiguous with the stem29 and the conical valve 28 and the endV of said hollow body adjacentsaid conical valve, but sealed closed adjacent the end of said hollowbody opposite the conical valve by said stem 29 and the annulardiaphragm 31. Said annular passageway 36 is bounded at its lower end, orend opposite said annular diaphragm 31, by a downwardly and outwardlyextending, inwardly facing, annular valve seat 37 disposed at the innerside `of the conical valve 28, and said conical Valve is in spacedrelation to the base 24 of the cup shape member or shell 18. A lateralport 38 in the valve stem 29 above the conical valve 28 is contiguous atits exterior end with the annular passageway 36 and at its interior endwith a longitudinal porty 39 in said valve stern, and said longitudinalport is contiguous, at a location above the can, with the interior of anoutlet nozzle 40 from said valve stem. As shown, the annular diaphragm31 includes an upperyportion 41 snugly seated in a downwardly facingannular groove 42 in the valve stem 29 thus to cause thel annularpassageway 36 to be closed at its upper end. Said annular diaphragm 31Ais constituted as a resilient member Apossessing sutli- 3 cient powernormally to retain the conical valve 28 engaged against the annularvalve seat 37.

A locking element for retaining the conical valve 28 and the annularvalve seat 37 in engaged relation is consti' tuted as a nut 43 having aninternal thread 44 engaged with an external thread 45 upon an upperportion of the valve stem 29 above the annular diaphragm 31. The nut 43will be of size to be readily and easily fitted upon the valve stem 29.The conical valve 28 and the annular valve seat 37 can be retained inengagement by turning the nut 43 down against the annular wall 12 of thecan, as it is shown in Fig. l, and the valve stem 29 can be released tobe vertically movable in the canby turning said nut to position where inspaced relation to the annular wall 12 of said can.

When it is desired to dispense fluid under pressure from the can, theconical valve 28 will be unseated in response to depression of the valvestem 29against resilient action of the annular diaphragm 31. Uponrelease of saidvalve stem, said annular diaphragm will immediately reactto cause said conical valve to be seated against the annular valve seat.When the conical valve is seated, the exterior end of the lateral port38 is engaged against and closed by the annular valve seat. When theconical valve 2S and the annular valve seat 37 are in separatedrelation, flow from the can will be by way of the tube 25, the shell 18,the annular passageway 36 and the ports 38 and 39 to the outlet nozzle40.

The lower surface of the conical valve 28 fixedly supports a valveelement constituted asa body 46 and a guide stem 47 loosely slidable inthe opening 26 through' the pipe flange 27 upon the base 24 of the shell18. The body 46 includes a ilat surface 48 at its lower side, insurrounding relation to the guide stern 47 and parallel relation to saidbase 24, to be engaged against and removed from an annular valve seat 49provided by the base 24 in surrounding relation to said opening 26. Theconstruction and arrangement will be such that the flat surface 48 willbe removed from the annular valve seat 49, as in Fig. 1 of the drawings,when the conical valve 28 and the annular valve seat 37 are inengagement, and that said at surface 48 can be engaged with said annularvalve seat 49 in response to inward or downward manual movement of thevalve stem 29, thus to preclude flow of iluid under pressure from thetube 25 into the cup shape member or shell 18. The valve stern 29 can bemanually actuated from its position where the conical valve 28 and theannular valve seat 37 are engaged to its position where the at surface48 and the annular valve seat 49 are engaged in any interval of timewhich may be predetermined thus to cause tlow of a corresponding amountof lluid under pressure from the hollow member or can 10. Flow willcommence with separation of the elements 28, 37 and discontinue withengagement of the elements 48, 49,

and upon release of the valve stem 29, the annular diaphragmy 31 willquickly react, aided by pressure of fluid in the hollow member or can,to return the conical valve 28 to position where engaged against theconical valve seat 37.

The only parts of the valve apparatus with which iluid under pressurebeing dispensed can come into contact are the tube 25, the shell 18, thebody 46 and the guide stem 47 of the valve element, the hollow body 30and the annular diaphragm 31 of the valve-seat-providing and sealing-ollmember, and the valve member constituted as the conical valve 28 and theelongated valve stem 29. As shown, all of the parts of the apparatus tobe contacted by fluid under pressure are of non-metallic material, thusto insure that there will be no occurrence of electrolytic action. Thehollow body 3), the annular diaphragm 31, the valve body 46 and theguide stem 47 are of molded rubber, and the tube 25, the shell 18 andthe member comprising the conical valve 28 and the elongated valve stem29 are of plastic material.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, numeral 52 represents a hollow member or canbounded at its sides by a cylindrical wall 53 which merges at its upperend in an annular wall 54 disposed in perpendicular relation to thecylindrical wall 53. The interior margin of the annular wall 54 isintegral with a circular wall 55 extending upwardly in concentricrelation to said cylindrical wall 53. A lower portion of said circularwall 55 is shaped to provide a downwardly facing, interiorly disposed,annular surface 56 contiguous at its interior margin with the lower endof a relatively small internal cylindrical surface 57 bounding an upperportion of the circular wall 55 and at its exterior margin with theupper end of a comparatively large internal cylindrical surface 58bounding a lower portion of said circular wall 55. The annular surface56 is in perpendicular relation to the cylindrical wall 53. The lowerend of the hollow member or can 52 may be covered in the same manner asis the lower end of the hollow member or can 10, or in any otherordinary or preferred manner.

A shell 59 of the valve apparatus of Figs. 3 and 4 is constituted as acup shape member including a cylindrical upper portion 60 having itsexternal surface engaged against the internal surface 58 of the circularwall 55 and its upper end 61 in spaced, parallel relation to the annularsurface 56. The lower end of the cylindrical upper portion 60 merges inan interiorly extending annular shoulder 62 in perpendicular relation tosaid cylindrical upper portion 60 and seated against an annular ilange63, equivalent to the annular ilange 22, extending inwardly from thelower end of the circular wall 55. As shown, the annular flange 63 isprovided by crimping metal of the can at the inner margin of the annularwall 54 and at the lower end of the circular wall 55 inwardly while thecylindrical upper portion 60 of the shell 59 is in contiguous relationwith the internal cylindrical surface 58. The annular surface 56 and theannular shoulder 62 are in parallel relation and in alined relationlongitudinally of the hollow member or can 52. The interior marginalportion of the annular shoulder 62 integrally supports a cylindricallower part 64 of the cup shape member or shell 59 which is below andconcentric with the cylindrical upper portion 60. The lower end of thecylindrical part 64 is integral with a base 65 of the cup shape memberor shell 59, and a tube 66 connects a lower portion of the hollow memberor can 52 with a lower portion of the cup shape member or shell 59 byway of an opening through a pipe flange 67 upon the base 65 and fittedinto the tube 66.

A valve member, equivalent to the valve member of Fig. 1, is constitutedas a conical valve 68 and an elongated cylindrical stem 69.

A valve-seat-providing and sealing-off member, equivalent to thevalve-seat-providing and sealing-off member of Fig. l, is constituted asa hollow body 70 and an annular diaphragm 71.

An annular flange portion 72 upon an upper portion of the hollow body 70is tixedly seated between the annular surface 56 and the upper end 61 ofthe shell 59, with the periphery of said annular flange portion 72engaged against an upper part of the internal cylindrical surface 58. Anexternal cylindrical surface of the hollow body 70 is snugly engagedagainst the internal surface of the cylindrical upper portion 60 of thecup shape member or shell 59, and a lower, outer circular portion 73 ofsaid hollow body 70 is seated against the annular shoulder 62. Anannular passageway 74 within the hollow body 70 is contiguous with theelongated cylindrical stem 69, the conical valve 68 and the end of saidhollow body 70 adjacent said conical valve 68, but sealed closed at itsopposite end by said stem 69 and the annular diaphragm 71. The end ofthe annular passageway 74 opposite said annular diaphragm 71 is boundedby an inwardly facing annular valve seat 75, equivalent to the annularvalve seat 37, disposed at the inner side of the conical valve 68. Ports76 and 77 in the valve stem 69, equivalent to the ports 38 and 39, leadfrom the annular passageway 74 to an outlet nozzle 78, equivalent to theoutlet nozzle 140.r

stem 69. Like the annular diaphragm 31, said annular diaphragm'71 alsois constituted as a resilient member capable of normally retaining theconical valve 68 and thev annular valve seat 75 in engagement.

A nut 80, upon an external thread 81 of the elongated cylindrical valvestem 69 and adapted to be engaged against the upper end of the circularwall 55, constitutes a locking element for retaining the conical valve68 engaged against the annular valve seat 75. When said nut 80 and upperend'of circular wall 55 are interengaged, as in Fig. 3 of the drawings,said conical valve 68-and annular valve seat 75 also will be inengagement. When the conical valve is seated, the exterior end of theport 76 is engaged against and closed by the annular valve seat 75.

The elongated valve stem 69'can be released to be ver-v tically movablein the can by turning the nut 80 to position wherein spaced relation tothe upper end ofV said circular wall 55, as in Fig. 4. v

TheV lower surface -of the conical valve 68 fxedly supports a valveelement, equivalent to the valve element of Fig. l, constituted as abody 82 and a guide stem' 83 loosely slidable in the pipe flange 67. Thebody 82 includes a flat surface 84 at its lower side, surrounding theguide stem 83, to be engaged against and removed from an annular valveseat 85 upon the base 65 of the shell 59 in surrounding relation to thepipe flange 67.

The valve apparatus of Figs. 3 and 4 is operative, or functions, in thesame manner as does the valve apparatus of Figs. l and 2.

In Figs. to 7, a can 88 is constituted as a'hollow member bounded at itssides by a cylindrical wall 894 which merges at its upper end in anannular wall '90 extending upwardly and inwardly. The upper end of theannular vwall 90 is integral with a vertical circular wall 91, extendingupwardly from said annular wall 90, and a ring member 92 integral withthe upper end of the vertical ,circulai Wall 91 is circular incross-section. The lower end of the hollow member or can 88 is'coveredby a closure wall 93.

An outer, lower shell 94 of the valve apparatus of Figs. 5 toTis-constituted as a cup shape member having an upper end circularportion 95 which opens downwardly, as at 96, to be seated upon the ringmember 92. As will be clear from Fig. 5, the upper end circular portion95. is secured upon said ring member 92 to .cause the outer, lower shell94 to be fxedly supported within the can. Said upper end circularportion 95 supports a horizontal annular portion 97 which in turnsupports a vertical cylindrical intermediate portion 98 of thefcup shapemember or outer, lower shell 94, below and concentric with the upper endcircular portion 95, and said vertical cylindrical intermediate portionmerges integrally at its lower end in an interiorly extending annularshoulder 99 in perpendicular relation to the cylindrical wall 89. Theinterior marginal portion of the annular shoulder 99 integrally supportsa cylindrical portion 100 of said cup shape member or outer, lower shell94 which is below and concentric with the cylindrical intermediateportion 98. In turn, the lower end of said cylindrical lower portion 100is integral with a base 101 of the cup shape member or outer, lowershell 94, and a tube 102 communicates with a lower portion of said cupshape member or outer, lowershell by way of an opening 103 through thebase 101 and a pipe flange 104 upon said base and in the adjacent endportion of the tube 102.

An inner, upper shell 105 is shaped to provide a downwardly facing,interiorly disposed, annular surface 106 contiguous at its interiormargin with the lower end of a relatively small internal cylindricalsurface 107 bounding an upper portion of the inner, upper shell 105 andat its exterior margin with the upper end of a comparatively largeintemal cylindrical surface 108 bounding a lower portion of said innerupper shell 105. The annuf lar? surface 106 is in perpendicular relationto the cylindrical wall 89. An annular flange portion 109, upon andextending upwardly from the lower end of the inner, upper shell inperpendicular relation thereto, has its external surface engaged againstthe internal surface of the vertical cylindrical intermediate wall 98and its surface 110 situated in spaced, parallel relation to the upper,inner surface 111 of the annular shoulder 99. The upper end of thevertical cylindrical intermediate portion 98 is crimped inwardly toprovide an annular shoulder 112 seated against a marginal circularportion of the upper surface of the annular ange portion 109. Theannular surface 110 and the upper, inner surface 111 are in parallelrelation and in alined relation longitudinally of the hollow member orcan 88.

A valve member, equivalent to the valve members of Figs. l, 3 and 4, isconstituted as a conical valve 113 and an elongated cylindrical stem114.

A valve-seat-providing and sealing-olf member, equivalent to thevalve-seat-providing and sealing-olf members of Figs. 1, 3 and 4, isconstituted as a hollow body 115 and an annular diaphragm 116.

An annular flange portion 117 upon a lower portion of the hollow body115' is fxedly seated between the annular surfaces 110 and 111, with theperiphery of said annular flange portion 117 engaged against a lowerpart of the internal surface of the vertical cylindrical intermediatewall 98. An external cylindrical surface of the hollow body 115 issnugly engaged against the internal surface 108 of the inner, uppershell 105, and an upper, outer circular portion 118 of said hollow body115 is seated against the annular surface 106. An annular passageway 119within the hollow body 115 is contiguous` with the elongated cylindricalstem 114, the conical valve 113 and the end of thefhollow body 115adjacent said conical'valve 113, but sealed closed at its opposite endby said stem 114 and the annular diaphragm 116. The end of the annularpassageway 119 opposite said annular diaphragm 116 is bounded by aninwardly facing annular valve seat 120, equivalent to the annular valveseats 37 and 75, disposed at the inner side of the conical valve 113.Ports121 and 122 in the valve stern 114 lead from the annular passageway119 to an outlet nozzle 123 above the hollow member or can 88. An upperportion 124 of the annular diaphragm 116 is snugly seated in adownwardly facing annular groove in the valve stem-114. vAs set forth inconnection with the annular diaphragms 31 and 71, the annular diaphragm116 also is constituted as a resilient member -capable of normallyretaining the conical valve 113 in engaged relation with the annularvalve seat 120.

A shroud for the valveapparatus of Figs. 5y to 7 is denoted 125. Saidshroud is supported, as at 126, upon the annular wall 90 of the can 88and the upper end circular portion 95 of the outer, lower shell 94 ofthe valve apparatus.

The conical valve 113 includes a flat surface 127 at its lower side tobe engaged against and removed from an annular valve seat 128 upon thebase 101 of the outer, llower shell 94 in surrounding relation to thepipe ilange The valve apparatus of Figs. 5 to 7 is operative, orfunctions, in the general manner as hereinbefore set forth in connectionwith the disclosure of Fig. l. The elongated cylindrical valve stem 114will be depressed when fluid under pressure is to be dispensed from thecan 88, thus to cause the conical valve 113 to be removed from theannular valve seat against resilient action of the annular diaphragm116. Said annular diaphragm 116 will immediately react to reseat saidconical valve upon release of said valve stem 114. When the conicalvalve 113 is seated, the exterior end of the port 121 is engaged againstand closed by said conical valve. Flow from the can 88 will be by way ofthe tube 102, the outer,

lower shell 94, the annular passageway 119 and the ports 121' and 122 tothe outlet nozzle 123 when the conical valve 113 is removed from theannular valve` seat 120. The at surface 127 will be removed from theannular valve seat 128 when the conical valve 113 and the annular valveseat 120 are in engagement. In response to inward or downward manualmovement of the valve stem 114, said ilat surface 127 can be made toengage said Aannular valve seat 128, thus to shut oil? tlow of lluidunder pressure from the tube 102 into the outer, lower shell 94. Thevalve stem 1t14 can be manually actuated in any interval of time whichmay be predetermined from its position where the conical valve 113 isagainst the annular valve seat 120 to its position where the ilatsurface 127 is engaged against the annular valve seat 128, thus to causeflow of a corresponding amount of lluid under pressure from the can 88.The annular diaphragm 116 will act, aided by pressure of fluid in thecan, to return the conical valve 113 to seated position against theannular valve seat 120 upon release of said valve stem 114.

The only parts of the valve apparatus of Figs. 5 to 7 with which fluidunder pressure being dispensed can come into contact are the tube 102,the outer, lower shell 94, the hollow body 115 and the annular diaphragm116 of the valve-seat-providing and sealing-oil member, and the valvemember including the conical valve 113 and the elongated valve stem 114.The hollow body 115 and the annular diaphragm 116 are of molded rubber,and the tube 102, the outer, lower shell 94 and the member providing theconical valve 113 and theelongated valve stem 114 are of plasticmaterial.

What is claimed is:

l. A valve apparatus for controlling low of lluid from a container,comprising a body having a passageway therethrough and providing a valveseat surrounding an inlet side of said passageway to which the interiorof said container is open, means supporting said body in said containerand precluding llow of lluid past the body save by way of said valveseat constituted as a member providing an annularsurface rigid with thecontainer, an internal cylindrical surface contiguous with an exteriormargin of said annular surface and a shell including a cylindricalportion engaged against said internal cylindrical surface and an annularshoulder extending interiorly of said cylindrical portion of said shell,said body being secured between said annular surfacek and annularshoulder, an external surface of said body being engaged against aninternal surface of said cylindrical portion and an annular flange uponsaid body being secured between said annular surface and an end of saidcylindrical portion of said shell and engaged with said internalcylindrical surface, a valve member including a valve disposedinteriorly of and adjacent said valve seat and a valve stem rigid withsaid valve` extending through said passageway,.and a diaphragmhaving anouter portion thereof surrounding:a part of said valve stem spaced fromsaid valve, said diaphragm and valve stem' sealing closed aside of saidbody opposite the valve seat and contiguous with the passageway, saiddiaphragm being resiliently urged to actuate said valve to cause itnormally to be engaged against said valve seat, and there being anoutlet through the valve stem past the diaphragm leading from saidpassageway to a location exterior of said apparatus and said continer.

2. A valve apparatus for controlling flow of fluid from a container,comprising a body having a passageway therethrough and providing a valveseat surrounding an inlet side of said passageway to which 'the interiorof said container is open, means supporting said body in said containerand precluding flow of fluid past the body save by way of said valveseat constituted as a member providing an annular surface rigid with thecontainer, an internal cylindrical surface contiguous with an exteriormargin of said annular surface and a shell including a cylindricalportion engaged against a surface of said member and an annular shoulderextending interiorly of said cylindrical portion of said shell, saidbody being secured between said annular surface and annular shoulder, anexternal surface of said body being engaged against said internalcylindrical surface and an annular ilange upon said body being securedbetween said annular shoulder and an end of said member and engaged withsaid cylindrical portion of said shell, a valve member including a valvedisposed interiorly of said valve seat and a valve stem rigid with saidvalve extending through said passageway, and a diaphragm having an outerportion thereof surrounding a part of said valve stem spaced from saidvalve, said diaphragm and valve stem sealing closed a side of said bodyopposite the valve seat and contiguous with the passageway, saiddiaphragm being resiliently urged to actuate said valve to cause itnormally to be engaged against said valve seat, and there being anoutlct through the valve stem past the diaphragm leading from saidpassageway to a location exterior of said apparatus and said container.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS116,433- Glover June 27, 1871 2,506,449 Greenwood May 2, 1950 2,543,850Henricson Mar. 6, 1951 2,565,954 Dey Aug. 28, 1951 2,582,262 Loven etal. Jan. 15, 1952 2,612,293 Michel Sept. 30, 1952 2,621,973 Lodes Dec.16, 1952

